Literary Analysis of Barn Burning - 771 Words

Literary Analysis of Barn Burning Child abuse has been a common occurrence throughout the times of this world. In the story Barn Burning that was written by the author William Faulkner, a story is told of a boy named Colonel Sartoris Snopes who lives with his family. His father is a man who has seen the brutality of war and has a very cold heart. His name is Abner Snopes. His heart is so cold that it is almost as if he is not even human. William Faulkner in the story uses words comparing Abner Snopes to a house fly, or stinging wasp and also says that he lifts his hand like a curled claw. This suggests that the Author was trying to give the readers an image of Abner Snopes being someone who lacked human qualities. Mainly he lacked†¦show more content†¦This story is not a typical one when it comes to the topic of child abuse. Most people would think that they would hear about starvation, or beatings, or sexual molestation. But child abuse is harming a child whether it be ment ally or physically and forcing a child to live with something like this can be severely mentally damaging. (Hopper) Works Cited Faulkner, William. Rajuabu. 22 May 2007. 27 February 2012 . Hopper, Jim. Jimhopper. 12 January 2012. 27 February 2012Show MoreRelatedLiterary Analysis of â€Å"Barn Burning†2800 Words   |  12 PagesA Literary Analysis of â€Å"Barn Burning† In the beginning, â€Å"Barn Burning† appears to be a story about an oppressive father and his family, who seems to be caught up in his oppression. As you read further in to the story you find that the story is focused on a young son of a poor sharecropper, who has to struggle with his father’s arsonist tendencies which are destroying his families’ reputation and life style, while coming to terms with his own morality. The young son, whose name is Colonel SartorisRead More Literary Analysis of Barn Burning Essay example936 Words   |  4 PagesA Literary Analysis of Barn Burning At first glance, the story â€Å"Barn burning† seems just to be about a tyrannical father and a son who is in the grips of that tyranny. I think Faulkner explores at least one important philosophical question in this story were he asks at what point should a person make a choice between what his parent(s) and / or family believes and his own values? The main character and protagonist in this story is a boy named Colonel Sartoris. In this story, Sarty is facedRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of Barn Burning By William Faulkner1105 Words   |  5 PagesWhen reading the short story â€Å"Barn Burning† by William Faulkner, understanding literary elements such as patterns, word choice as well as reader/writer relationships are essential in appreciating Faulkner’s literary piece. Some of the literary elements found in the story are small and are almost immaterial while others are large and all-encompassing. For example, the mother’s fragmented clock, a small and insignificant object, is used so carefully in order to extract the maximum effect from the viewers;Read MoreBoth sides of the Coin in William Faulkner’s short story, Barn Burning812 Words   |  3 PagesWilliam Faulkner’s short story, â€Å"Barn Burning,† the character Abner Snopes, who is Sarty’s father as well as a main character of the story, stands out the most compared to other characters because of Faulkner’s description with a sense of irony and critic. Faulkner presents multifaceted characteristics in Abner Snopes that makes the readers think beyond the view of the narrator based on logics and circumstances in Abner’s conditions. The setting of ‘‘Barn Burning’’ is the post-Civil War South, theRead MoreWilla Cathers Issues with Realism and The Barn Burner, Paragraphs1059 Words   |  4 Pages1. Willa Cather 2. Willa Cather and the Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne 3. The Barn Burner 4. A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner 1. Willa Cather seems to take issue with the bland and boring nature of realism above all else. She notes that realism is not in itself an artistic expression, yet so many art forms from literature to paintings—particularly from her time period—portray little more than the realism of our world. In her mind, the literalness that is realism can be successfullyRead MoreWilliam Faulkners Barn Burning: An Indicative of Literary Modernism1989 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿There are several ways in which William Faulkners short story Barn Burning is indicative of literary modernism. It depicts a relevant historical period and is part of the frontiersman literary tradition (Gleeson-White, 2009, p. 389). The author utilizes a number of purely literary approaches that were innovative for the time period in which the tale was originally published (in 1932), such as employing a young child as a narrator complete with misspelled words and broken, puerile thoughts. HoweverRead MoreW illiam Faulkner s Literary Accomplishments1753 Words   |  8 PagesWilliam Faulkner was a powerful writer whose highly anthologized works bear the image of the Southern Gothic tradition and the weight of more than half a century of literary analysis and criticism. Despite a vast amount of intense and perhaps belated scrutiny directed at Faulkner s literary accomplishments, the author himself had a vision and scope not to be outdone by his commentators. Between 1929 and 1936, Faulkner published novels with characters ranging from children, thinkers, the insane,Read MoreFemale Characters In Othello Essay812 Words   |  4 Pagesfires? What quotes can you use to support your theory? Judging from the clues from the story we can guess that Abner starts fires because of his hatred against the rich land owners that he works for. While he is just one man he knows that by burning barns down would hurt the land owner a lot. This gives power to Abner against the wealthy land owner that he otherwise did not have. 3. How does being limited to the narrators point of view affect our reading of Everyday Use ? What would the storyRead MoreSarty Snopes’ Struggle for Freedom: William Faulkners Barn Burning1777 Words   |  8 Pages â€Å"Barn Burning† first appeared in print in Harper’s Magazine in 1939 (Pinion). It is a short story by William Faulkner which depicts a young boy in crisis as he comes to realize the truth about his father’s pyromania. Faulkner takes the reader inside the boy’s life as he struggles to remain loyal to his unstable father. In the end the boy’s courage and sense of justice wins and he not only walks away from his father’s iron clad control over his life, but he is able to warn his father’s next victimRead MoreCharacter Analysis on the Conflicts and Themes of Godfather Death2303 Words   |  10 PagesC.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Versimilitude, Probablity, and Reality: Characters in fiction should be true to life. Therefore, their actions, statements, and thoughts must all be what human beings are likely to do, say, and think under the questions presented in the literary work. Setting: Setting is a work’s natural, manufactured, political, cultural, and temporal environment, including everything that characters know and own. A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Three Basic Types of Setting: a.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Nature and the Outdoors b.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Objects

Personal Value System For Tony s Eyes - 1203 Words

This experiment has brought a personal value system to Tony s eyes, a system that he didn t look at as his values before. Tony looked at the way he set up his days as a routine but really the way he did things on a daily basis was the way he valued them. How Tony spends his time and money each day correlates to what matters most to him in reality. Two forms of graphics were created to example his week. A pie chart to illustrate how he spends his hours each week (168 hours) and a bar graph to show what money he spends on a weekly basis. Using this data to evaluate Tony s value system we are shown that he does value his time by trying to make the most out of each hour in a day. Whether that is studying, checking off to-do list items or chasing hobbies Tony is always valuing his time each day, every week. Tony s money situation is very similar in the sense that he values money over everything else in his life, he understands money is an important part of his life, specifically therefore he saves it and spends it wisely. The data shows that Tony spends less money a week then he makes on top of going to school full time, completing homework on time and keeping his grades up while holding a part time job. Many would say Tony s value system is successful, efficient and definitely not easy. Tony spends his time wisely each day with a set schedule of how he likes to spend his day making sure he completes all his daily responsibilities. Tony s weekly schedule breaks into twoShow MoreRelatedHRM 520: Ethics and Advocacy for HR Pro978 Words   |  4 Pages(360) for a full refund. Most companies do not offer any time of refund that far out. Majority companies offer up to thirty days (30). From my personal experience, most organizations do not believe customer service being front line of a company and very crucial for the growth of the company. Zappos makes customer service priority which means having a personal relation with the customer. Zappos committed to their employees. Determine the major impacts that Zappos’ leadership and ethical practices philosophyRead MoreLet Confidence Lead : 11 Confidence Boosters Essay1690 Words   |  7 Pagessetting up new and improved habits to ensure that the outcomes I desire for this next year will be not just achieved, but surpassed. What better way to spend 4th July than setting up the year ahead? Today s three part planning strategy aka: step-plot-stick: 1. I walked on the beach (it s been an idyllic, clear, warm day) mulling over the menu of delights to achieve, aspire to and deliver in the next 12 months. 2. I put pen to paper sitting on sun drenched sand dune, delighted and excited byRead MoreGender Portrayals Of Women s Advertising1636 Words   |  7 Pagesdeflected the responsibility to someone else (Zayer and Coleman 2015). In an example from the study, Aubry, relies on the bigger regulatory systems put in place to ensure that ads are not overly sexualized. He states, â€Å"There’s not a lot of derogatory [ads] out there because the [television] networks won’t let it happen.† Aubry can rid himself of any personal responsibility with regard to ethics, because he perceives legitimate structures are already in place and thus he can claim â€Å"innocence† in theRead MoreBiometric And Identification Of Biometric Identification1752 Words   |  8 Pagessemi-automated facial recognition system was deployed. By 1991 face recognition is automated with the ability of detecting faces in real-time. By the mid to late 1990’s biometric methodologies evolves and is integrated into technology allowing the practice of fingerprint, palm systems, and iris identification to become more reliable with increased automation capabilities. Studies therefore increased and biometric technology became even more advanced in the early 2000’s up until today’s time. ThereRead MoreWhy is important to study the media, rather than simply consume it?1631 Words   |  7 Pagesinherent in society that is both powerful and important. It demonstrates this by playing a vital role in the development of a person s perspective on political, economic and socio-cultural issues. This consequently helps to shape individuals viewpoints of the world and define their lives through the interpretation of media texts. (Newman, 2004). Bazalgette supported Newman s point by stating Media studies open up your understanding of how things work, how people become informed - or misinformed - andRead MoreGender Portrayals Of Women s Advertising1505 Words   |  7 Pagesdeflected the responsibility to someone else (Zayer and Coleman 2015). In an example from the study, Aubry, relies on the bigger regulatory systems put in place to ensure that ads are not overly sexualized. He states, â€Å"There’s not a lot of derogatory [ads] out there because the [television] net works won’t let it happen.† Aubry can rid himself of any personal responsibility with regard to ethics, because he perceives legitimate structures are already in place and thus he can claim â€Å"innocence† in theRead MoreThe Impact of Social Media Upon Education1709 Words   |  7 PagesHopefully they don’t want to waste their time and hard earned resources for nothing. After all, why else would we be willing to allot the huge sum of money that it takes to cover the price of an education of quality. The best way to get all of the value out of a college course, is to be as involved as much as possible. This may be more of a persistent struggle for some. There are many factors that play into how well engaged the student is in their classes. The more obvious factors are those such asRead MoreThe Place God Should Tread Lightly1816 Words   |  8 PagesEducation is a right to all of mankind as the possessing the knowledge of the world, its history, its natur e, the various cultures present throughout its areas, and the way man is able to manipulate it for his or hers own benefit is crucial in today s modern society. Yet no matter how many cultural aspects are forgotten or grown out of as the human race advances further, a continuation of human culture remains to be religion and its various scales of its presence in different regions. In the UnitedRead MoreBp Deep Water Horizontal Explosion3148 Words   |  13 Pageset. al, 4). Many decisions made by John Browne were directly related to the Deepwater Horizon explosion. In 2007, Tony Hayward replaced John Browne and became the new chief executive. Tony Hayward slightly adjusted BP’s organizational structure and decided to pay more attention to BP’s safety issues and risk averse culture. However, the Deepwater Horizon explosion happened when Tony Hayward was in charge. The BP Deepwater Horizon oil explosion occurred in the Gulf of Mexico on April 20, 2010, whichRead Moresecrets of body language11913 Words   |  48 Pagesï » ¿SECRETS  OF  BODY  LANGUAGE A walk to convey power. A greeting that gets the upper hand. A gesture that can hide a lie. Body language can betray us. When a president s under pressure. Or celebrities in the media glare. Look beyond the words. Their body language says it all. It s a sudden poise. Self-touch gesture. Hot spots. Microexpressions. In this special, experts will dissect the body, the face, and the voice to reveal its hidden meanings, its secrets. This is a world where what we say is all

Process Of Engaging In Critical Reflection †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Process Of Engaging In Critical Reflection. Answer: While engaging in care of patients with chronic conditions, a nurse has to analyze and interpret multiple factors that can have an impact on their health outcome. The ability to interpret and analyze different factors to prioritize care for patient is dependent on clinical expertise as well as critical reflection skills. The process of engaging in critical reflection is the pathway through which nurse can deduce the main patient problem and plan the best care priority for the recovery of patient. Clinical reasoning cycle is one of the process that can be used by nurse to analyzed and process complex patient information in a systematic manner and understand the care needs of patient. The essay utilizes the steps of the clinical reasoning cycle to the case of Peter Mitchell, a 52 year old patient with morbid obesity and type 2 diabetes and analyzes the information from the case to identify two care priorities for patient. The rational for choosing specific care priorities is also provi ded by applying clinical reasoning cycle as a means of justification. The clinical reasoning cycle is an eight step process of cyclical intervention and by passing through those steps, nurse can make inference regarding care plan and treatment goals for patient (Dalton, Gee Levett-Jones, 2015). The clinical reasoning cycle stars with the first stage of considering the patient situation. The analysis of Peter Mitchells scenario reveals that the patient is suffering from poorly controlled diabetes, obesity ventilation syndrome and apnoea and he was admitted to the hospital with these complaints. This information gives an overview about the context of Peters case. The next step to get more information about patient is to collect cues/information about patient. This is obtained from nursing assessment records, patient chart and observations on discharge of patient. The factor contributing to his presenting symptom is understood from his past medical history. Peter Mitchell had history of hypertension, obesity, hypertension, depression, sleep apnea and gastro oesophageal reflux disease. Another vital cue to the case is that the patient was a heavy smoker taking 20 cigarettes per day. His problem of ventilation syndrome and sleep apnea is also understood from the fact that he failed to continue with low energy, high protein diet (LEHP) and light exercise to facilitate his weight reduction. Sleep apnea and ventilation is syndrome is a problem most commonly linked to obesity and obesity worsens apnea because of fat deposition at different sites (Romero-Corral et al., 2010). The review of Peters past medical history also revealed that Peter faced di fficulty in finding job and maintaining social relationship due to weight gain. As the main purpose of the essay is to identify two main care priorities for Peter, it is necessary to identify two problems that will threaten or increase health risk for patient. Hence, the problem inherent in patient can be identified by processing the information that has been collected from patient charts and observation. Peter was overweight from the beginning as his weight three years ago was 105kg, however his health issues has increased currently because he constantly gaining significant amount of weight. His current weight is 145 kg with a BMI of 50.2 kg/m2. From this information, it can be interpreted he is a patient with morbid obesity. A person who has a BMI of 25-30 kg/m2 is defined as overweight and BMI above 40 kg/m2 is defined as morbid obesity. His obesity comes under class III obesity and such individuals are at high risk of illness and death (Kitahara et al., 2014). From this evaluation, it can be said that obesity is one of the problem in patient that contributed to symptom of apnea and ventilation syndrome and obesity. Evidence suggest that the prevalence of these problem is increasing in parallel with obesity epidemic in United States Manthous Mokhlesi, 2016). Apart from his part and current medical history, the patients current observation also needs to be processed to prioritize care for Peter. His last observation detail was BP 180/92 mm HG, RR 23 Bpm, HR 102 Bpm and SPO2 95% on RA. Although his heart rate and SPO2 value are within normal range, however his blood pressure value indicates that Peter is hypertensive. His respiratory is also above the normal range (12-20 Bpm). This abnormality in vitals sign might have emerged due to his poorly controlled diabetes and high BGL level. Patients who are diabetic are highly likely to suffer from hypertension and this common link has been found due to the overlap between the etiology and disease mechanism for both the condition (Cheung Li, 2012). Hence, hypertension in patient with diabetes should be taken seriously in patient as he may also have the risk of developing cardiovascular condition (White, Wang Jelinek, 2010).. The symptom of diaphoresis in patient was also seen due to poor glucos e control in patient. The next step of the clinical reasoning cycle is process of identifying problem/issue in patients. By the analysis and processing of patient information, two major problems identified in patient are poorly controlled diabetes and morbid obesity in patient. These two conditions have contributed to hospitalization for Peter and presence of presenting symptoms of shakiness, diaphoresis, difficulty in breathing during sleep and increased hunger (Raveendran, Wong Chung, 2017).). Based on this inference, two specific care priorities for patient have been identified. By focusing on the two care priorities, proper direction for establishing goals for care of Peter is possible. Hence, informed by the two care priorities, the nursing care plan for patient is to implement appropriate clinical intervention to control his BGL level. Another nursing goals for care of patient is to take steps to reduce his weight gain and motivate Peter to continue with diet programs and light exercise recommended to him after consultation with dietician and physiotherapist respectively. Based on the above care plan, this section provides detailed explanation regarding the care priorities and the course of action to be taken to fulfill the goals for care. The number one care priority for the health and well-being of Peter is related to management of obesity, weight gain and other obesity associated symptom in patient. Peter had been suffering from the issue of difficulty in sleeping while breathing which is a clinical manifestation of sleep obstructive apnea. To provide relied to patient from breathing difficulty, the action is to control weigh gain in patient by means of lifestyle intervention. This is important because obesity is one of the major risk factor of sleep apnea and taking steps to control weigh gain may address this symptom in patient too. Evidence suggest that obesity is one of the risk factor for increase in prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in general population. 10% changes in body weight leads to a parallel change of 30% in the apnea hypopnea i ndex (An index for sleep apnea severity) (Schwartz et al., 2008). Hence, weight loss is one of the effective strategies to treat the problem as changes in adiposity improve upper way function during sleep (Araghi et al., 2013). Before implementing the lifestyle intervention, Peter can be encouraged to lose weight by providing education regarding the risk factors of obesity and the benefit of lifestyle intervention on reducing the severity of presenting symptom in patient. In case of Peter, health behavior change is vital to fulfill the two identified care priorities. For this reason, patient education has been taken as the first course of nursing action as extensive education can only motivate patient to change their health behavior. Secondly, to help Peter lose weight, the nurse need to collaborate with dietician and physiotherapist so that both dietary intervention and exercise intervention can be provided to patient. Dietary strategies can help patient to lose weight (Look AHEAD Research Group 2010). The combination of both dietary and exercise intervention has been proposed because dietary intervention alone cannot be effective in producing significant changes. Physical activity intervention will help in weight loss maintenance (Araghi et al., 2013). Another plan of action to address obesity related symptom in patient is to implement smoking cessation therapy. This is extremely important for Peter because he is a heavy smoker and smoking will incr ease risk of respiratory and cardiovascular complication in the future (Dare, Mackay Pell, 2015). Hence, nurse led smoking cessation intervention can be implemented for Peter too. Proper advice given by nurse can help patient to successfully quit smoking. As Peter is a heavy smoker, addiction will be one major issue in smoking cessation. Nurse can also implement nicotine replacement therapy in the form of chewing gum, transdermal patches or nasal sprays so that patient is less motivated to smoke and the transition from cigarette smoking to complete abstinence becomes easier for Peter (Chauhan et al., 2016). For care priority related to management of uncontrolled glucose level in patient, implementation of both pharmacological and non pharmacological intervention is necessary. Based on advice from clinician, nurse can provide medications like Metformin to Peter. Metformin is a first line of drug clinically used for diabetes patient and drug acts to suppress hepatic glucose production (An He 2016). The non pharmacological intervention for controlling symptoms of diabetes in patient includes implementing lifestyle measures such as weight loss and physical activity. As Peter discontinue exercise previously, he should be encourage to engage in simple activities like walking only so that complications related to diabetes and hypertension can be addressed. Diet changes, physical activity and changes in life style have been found to reduce the development of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes patient (Chen et al., 2015). The next stage in the clinical reasoning cycle after the take action step is evaluating outcome step. The intervention proposed for Peter can be evaluated for effectiveness in patient by assessment of vital signs in patient. This would give idea regarding positive or negative changes in hypertension and breathing rate. Secondly, patients compliance to smoking cessation strategy and lifestyle intervention also needs to be checked to understand patients ability to continue with healthy lifestyle. After implementing a nursing intervention, reflection is also a critical element to understand what went right for patient or what acted as the roadblock in the path to reflection. Based on this kind of reflection, nurse can improve their skills and engage in continous professional development. The essay looked at the case scenario and health information of Peter Mitchell to identify and justify two specific priorities of care for patient. The process of identifying problem in patient and prioritizing care was done by the application of the steps of the clinical reasoning cycle. It served as an appropriate critical reflection tool used in daily practice to plan care priorities for patient guided by patients assessment information, presenting condition and past medical and social history. References An, H., He, L. (2016). Current understanding of metformin effect on the control of hyperglycemia in diabetes.Journal of Endocrinology,228(3), R97-R106. Araghi, M. H., Chen, Y. F., Jagielski, A., Choudhury, S., Banerjee, D., Hussain, S., ... Taheri, S. (2013). Effectiveness of lifestyle interventions on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA): systematic review and meta-analysis.Sleep,36(10), 1553-1562. Chauhan, P., Dev, A., Desai, S., Andhale, V. (2016). Nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation.Pharmaceutical and Biological Evaluations,3(3), 305-312. Chen, L., Pei, J. H., Kuang, J., Chen, H. M., Chen, Z., Li, Z. W., Yang, H. Z. (2015). Effect of lifestyle intervention in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis.Metabolism-Clinical and Experimental,64(2), 338-347. Cheung, B. M., Li, C. (2012). Diabetes and hypertension: is there a common metabolic pathway?.Current atherosclerosis reports,14(2), 160-166. Dalton, L., Gee, T., Levett-Jones, T. (2015). Using clinical reasoning and simulation-based education to'flip'the Enrolled Nurse curriculum.Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing, The,33(2), 29. Dare, S., Mackay, D. F., Pell, J. P. (2015). Relationship between smoking and obesity: a cross-sectional study of 499,504 middle-aged adults in the UK general population.PloS one,10(4), e0123579. Kitahara, C. M., Flint, A. J., de Gonzalez, A. B., Bernstein, L., Brotzman, M., MacInnis, R. J., ... Weiderpass, E. (2014). Association between class III obesity (BMI of 4059 kg/m2) and mortality: a pooled analysis of 20 prospective studies.PLoS medicine,11(7), e1001673. Look AHEAD Research Group. (2010). Long term effects of a lifestyle intervention on weight and cardiovascular risk factors in individuals with type 2 diabetes: four year results of the Look AHEAD trial.Archives of internal medicine,170(17), 1566. Manthous, C. A., Mokhlesi, B. (2016). Avoiding management errors in patients with obesity hypoventilation syndrome.Annals of the American Thoracic Society,13(1), 109-114. Raveendran, R., Wong, J., Chung, F. (2017). Morbid obesity, sleep apnea, obesity hypoventilation syndrome: Are we sleepwalking into disaster?.Perioperative Care and Operating Room Management. Romero-Corral, A., Caples, S. M., Lopez-Jimenez, F., Somers, V. K. (2010). Interactions between obesity and obstructive sleep apnea: implications for treatment.Chest,137(3), 711-719. Schwartz, A. R., Patil, S. P., Laffan, A. M., Polotsky, V., Schneider, H., Smith, P. L. (2008). Obesity and obstructive sleep apnea: pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic approaches.Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society,5(2), 185-192. White, F., Wang, L., Jelinek, H. F. (2010). Management of hypertension in patients with diabetes mellitus.Experimental Clinical Cardiology,15(1), 58.

The Historical Background of George Orwells 1984 free essay sample

Nineteen Eighty-Four, is a dystopia that mainly talks about the rebellion of Winston Smith, an average worker who wakes up to reality and starts fighting for his freedom and his life through adultery, at first, and is caught and tortured. Now, this novel was very deep in describing every single detail. Why? What inspired him and his mentality to be so deep and meaningful? George Orwell was a man who liked to share his opinion. He did like to stay silent when there is wrong out in the world. He fought for people’s lives in the Spanish Civil War and World War II. In 1936, Orwell head out to Spain to fight against fascism, an authoritarian right-wing system of government and intolerant social organization. He has seen people getting injured and killed and saw how ruthlessly the fascist fighters did this. He himself was shot in the throat and injured by a sniper’s bullet, but later did not seriously take this into consideration. We will write a custom essay sample on The Historical Background of George Orwells 1984 or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page During World War II, Orwell wanted to fight. But because of his previous injury, he was declared â€Å"unfit for any kind of military service†. However, with more effort, he did participate in war activities by joining the Home Guard, a secondary British defense team that guarded Britain’s coastal areas in case of any invasion by Germany or any of its allies. Even then, he saw the brutality of deaths and millions of people getting killed. Also, he criticized the acts and violent approach of Josef Stalin. Although he was a communist, he disliked violence, which is what Stalin was doing. This eventually leads to him writing Animal Farm. Nineteen Eighty-Four is written towards the end of Orwell’s life and it is shown that he is very ill by the darkness and harshness of the novel. It shows total totalitarianism and ruthlessness and torture in a very exaggerated way. It was his â€Å"prophecy† of what the communist world will be like in the future. He described events very accurately, for he lived in such times and has seen people die and suffer. Thank You.

Tess of the dUrbervilles

Tess of the dUrbervilles written by Thomas Hardy is a novel about a young girl of a poor family whose life changes because someone tells her family that they belong to a noble family. But is it a bad change or a good one? This story is written in third person point of view. John Durbeyfield is walking through the street at night and suddenly a historian visiting the town, stops and tells him that his last name is really dUrberville and it belongs to a noble family. Sir John hurries and tells the news to his family. He is a very poor man. So he tells his young daughter, Tess, to go find job at their familys town, but Tesss mother never warned her about how mean man can be. There, Tess meets a man, Alec dUrberville, and in a short time he manages to seduce her and he forces her to do something she didnt want to. She leaves immediately that town and shortly after finds out that she is pregnant but her baby, soon after being born, dies. This makes her have a lot of anger towards men. When she goes to find a job at another town she meets a very charming man, Angel Clare, and very soon they fall in love and get married, but when Tess tells him her dark secret he is not able to forgive her after he has done wrong too by having relations with a woman he did not love, and knowing it was not Tesss fault. He then leaves her. While Angel is gone Alec starts to seduce Tess again and she falls for him again. When Angel realizes he was wrong it was too late. Tess then realizes she really loves Angel. Alec was still that mean man she had met and was forced to kill him. Angel and Tess are finally very happy, but just for two days because Tess is put in jail and killed. Alec ends up marrying Tesss sister Liza-Lu like Tess wanted when she knew she was going to be killed. This story takes place in the countryside of England at first in a little village called Marlott, ...

Vector Definition in Science

Vector Definition in Science The term vector has different definitions in science, primarily depending whether the topic is math/physical science or medicine/biology. Vector Definition in Math and Physics In physical science and engineering, a vector is a geometric object which has both magnitude or length and direction. A vector is commonly represented by a line segment in a specific direction, indicated by an arrow. Vectors are typically used to describe physical quantities which have a directional quality in addition to a quantity that could be described by a single number with a unit. Also Known As: Euclidean vector, spatial vector, geometric vector, mathematical vector Examples: Velocity and force are vector quantities. In contrast, speed and distance are scalar quantities, which have magnitude but not direction. Vector Definition in Biology and Medicine In the biological sciences, the term vector refers to an organism that transmits a disease, parasite, or genetic information from one species to another. Examples: Mosquitoes are a vector of malaria. A virus may be used as a vector to insert genes into a bacterial cell.

Leadership in Organisations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Leadership in Organisations - Essay Example To this end, I can try to ensure that all the group members actively participate, and benefit from the study group sessions. The rest of the group members were soon assigned their responsibilities and we set up a study date. Initially I had thought that leading a study group would be easy as we were all friends, took similar classes and lived in the same neighborhood. When I showed up for the meeting, I was dismayed to discover that although I was nearly 15 minutes late, I was actually the only one present. I determined that I would good-naturedly wait for the other group members. After an hour, only two other people out of 8 group members had shown up for the study group meeting. I resolved to start off the meeting as we were already running late. The meeting failed to proceed as I had initially planned as we ended up taking too much time debating on what to study. In the end it was eventually decided that we would study a bit of what each of us suggested. Due to our lack of preparation, the meeting ended nearly 30 minutes early although it had started nearly an hour late. While going home that evening, I felt dejected as I had previously had high hopes for the success of the meeting. However, I resolved that I would try to ensure that the next meeting would be better attended and would run more smoothly. Several days to the next scheduled meeting, I called up all the group members and individually informed them of what topic we would be covering during the next study group meeting. I then undertook to follow this up by sending them emails to encourage them to attended the next meeting and read up on its topic. On the material day, I called up all the members in the morning and they all confirmed their attendance. Most of the study group members were able to show up early, we were able to have a sufficient quorum to allow us to start the meeting promptly. After the study group meeting, all the

Innovation and Sustainability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Innovation and Sustainability - Essay Example Causes of deforestation include but are not limited to wood extraction, expansion of agriculture as well as of the infrastructure. Along with satisfying certain human needs, deforestation has conventionally given rise to a lot of problems like climatic change and extinction of several species of animals and plants. A very obvious consumption habit of humans is the consumption of land. In the past two centuries, urban sprawl has surfaced as one of the outcomes of industrial revolution, as more people have moved to the urban areas in search of better opportunities and improved lifestyle. Consequentially, urban areas have spread to the lands that were previously undeveloped. One of the production habits is also related to deforestation. After cutting the trees, the wood retrieved from them is used for making numerous products. Trees are used for all kinds of purposes that include but are not limited to getting fruits, spices, nuts, latex, medicines, cork, fibers, natural resins, oils and timber. Most of these are eatables and are the fundamental elements that make our cuisines diverse and rich. Others like timber are of huge decorative significance. Timber is employed in the manufacturing of all kinds of furniture, floors and walls. Timber is also used as support for raising tents and fixing the wooden framework for concreting slabs. Urban sprawl has enabled humans to develop more industries, schools and hospitals for the wellbeing of the society. Establishment of these industries has increased the production of all sorts of goods including sports equipment, crockery and food ingredients. In order to conserve the forests, it is imperative that more markets are found that demand the products retrieved from the forests. This approach of sustainable use originates in the fact that adequate management of forests can help

Biographical Information Essay Example for Free

Biographical Information Essay Regarded by contemporary and recent critics as one of the most notable female poets in Western literature, Elizabeth Barrett Browning wrote Aurora Leigh at the height of her literary career, and the poem is deemed her masterwork in terms of poetics and narrative. Part autobiography and part social criticism, the poem traces the life of an Englishwoman and poet, Aurora Leigh, and is frequently cited as a proto-feminist treatise for its portrayal of difficulties arising for female characters from traditional values and practices of English society. Brownings innovative use of genre, self-reference, and feminine perspective make Aurora Leigh a landmark of nineteenth-century literature. Biographical Information Browning had planned to write a novel in blank verse as early as 1845, and had proposed that the subject would be a critical narrative of ordinary English life. At the time of Aurora Leighs publication in 1857, Browning, supported by her friendship and eventual marriage to Robert Browning in September of 1846, had recovered from a long period of poor health, family catastrophes, and isolation. In 1850, Sonnets from the Portuguese, written during her courtship with Browning, had been published to popular acclaim, and her reputation as a poet, especially of sentimental works, had grown. A son, Robert Wiedemann Barrett Browning, had been born to the couple in 1849, and this seems to have rejuvenated Brownings artistic endeavors. The Brownings began to travel extensively and became involved in politics on the Continent; Barrett Browning subsequently expressed in Aurora Leigh a concern with social issues, particularly the rights of women and the poor, and revealed her familiarity with European and classical literature as well. Aurora Leigh, published in 1857, was the most successful of Brownings works from a commercial standpoint: the book had gone through nineteen editions by 1885. Plot and Major Characters A novel in verse, as Coventry Patmore called it, Aurora Leigh follows the life of its heroine through her birth and childhood in Italy, intellectual development, literary career, and personal relationships. At a young age, Aurora Leigh resists the conventional and complacent English values imposed on her by a maiden aunt who cares for her after the death of her parents, and she discovers the pleasures of literature. Her early creative compositions stir her ambitions to support herself through a poetic career, and in time she becomes moderately successful in London literary circles. In the process of accomplishing this, Aurora rejects a marriage proposal from her cousin Romney Leigh, a wealthy philanthropist and owner of the family estate, who soon rescues a young woman named Marian Erle from poverty. The growing attachment between Romney and Marian is severed, however, by the unscrupulous Lady Waldemar, who is herself in love with Romney. Lady Waldemar contributes to Marians disappearance from London and her reappearance in a Paris brothel, where Marian is sexually assaulted and bears a child. Aurora, on her way to Italy, recognizes Marian in Paris and takes her and her child to Florence. When Romneys socialist Utopian community disastrously fails, he acknowledges the emptiness and hypocrisy of conventional methods of philanthropy, and travels to Florence. After a series of misunderstandings in which Aurora believes Romney has already wed Lady Waldemar, Romney once again asks Aurora to marry him. This she does, recognizing that art needs to be aided by love and partnership in the process of self-realization. Major Themes Browning addressed several major social issues in the narrative of Aurora Leigh—the relationship between art and individual self-fulfillment, the issue of class politics, and the issue of gender roles. The work suggests that individual freedom, regardless of class or gender, allows for inner development and the cultivation of creativity and inspiration. However, the novel-poem shows sensitivity to other aspects of the creative process, such as the background to the production of any artistic work and the source of creativity in turmoil and conflict. Furthermore, Aurora Leigh intricately weaves the political implications of Brownings own strong individualism and her emphasis on the actualization of ones lifes work into Aurora Leighs struggle to find her place, as a woman poet, in the traditional social order found in the poem. In addition, the work focuses on the institutionalized sexism and classicism of the Victorian age, and directs its severest criticism at conventional philanthropy as hypocritical and paternalistic. Also, Aurora Leigh depicts, through the character of Marian Erle, the horrific consequences of the abuse and neglect suffered by the poor—particularly poor women. The subplot of Marian and her child also censures the Victorian tendency to reject those who have been sexually attacked, and argues for greater concern for and treatment of the innocent victims. Critical Reception Despite its tremendous popular success, Aurora Leigh received mixed reactions from contemporary critics. Many, in addition to calling it immoral, found fault with its characterization, plot, and language; others, however, found the work proof of Brownings poetic genius. The poem was largely neglected by subsequent critics until the early 1930s, when Virginia Woolf s enthusiastic article on the poem was published. The emergence of feminist criticism helped spark renewed interest in the work, although Aurora Leigh is not unanimously accepted as a precursor to modern feminism. Commenting on the poems conclusion in particular, many feminist critics have regarded Auroras acceptance of marriage as the beginning of her loss of independence. Others have found in the ending a radical deviation from traditional nineteenth-century thought—instead of losing her independence through marriage, Aurora gains a rewarding and satisfying life through the blending of her artistic achievement with the love and partnership of another. According to several twentieth-century critics, this innovation is echoed in Brownings style: although contemporary reviewers criticized her unconventional poetic tendencies, more recent scholars consider her style to be innovative. Altogether, Aurora Leigh illuminates both Brownings artistic strengths and her weaknesses: she is praised for her ability to express passionate emotion, yet she is criticized for choosing such an abstract topic for Aurora Leigh as her highest convictions upon Life and Art. She is commended for her lyrical tone and innovative use of imagery, yet she is criticized for her verbose style, improbable plot, and unrealistic characters. In light of fervent endorsements of the poem by such literary figures as Emily Dickinson and Virginia Woolf, Aurora Leigh is generally judged to be a masterwork with noticeable flaws and remains highly significant to contemporary literary historians and critics.

:: Papers

ESSAY John Steinbeck novel, ‘Of Mice and Men’, contains three characters who could be described as social misfits. In this essay I am going to describe Candy, Crooks, and Curley’s wife and examine what Steinbeck is attempting to tell the reader about the lives and situation of each of these characters. The book, ‘Of Mice and Men’, was set in the depression of 1930s in California in a place called Soledad. ‘Of Mice and Men’, can be viewed as a compassionate story of John Steinbeck for the hard life, poor, old age ,unskilled workers displaced by the depression a bad economic and high unemployment with no hope and no future. They had to leave their families and homes just to make money. Candy is such a character. He is the bunkhouse cleaner and he is old and has no family and the only old man on the ranch. We are told him in the book, that he is a good natured old gossip. He is a useful source of information about all the character at the ranch. We know because when George and Lennie arrive in to the ranch, Candy tells them about all the characters and also tells them about what is going on in the bunkhouse, for example when he says to George and Lennie about Curley, â€Å"Curley like a lot of little guys. He hates big guys†¦.† So first of all they know that how aggressive and bad guy Curley is. He is fond of his dog even though it is old and smelly. Candy had that dog since it was a pup. His dog is his only friend; old same like Candy. Carlson offers to shoot his dog. But Candy resists for his old, smelly, nameless dog, â€Å"No, I couldn’t do that. I had `im too long.’ Candy knows if he allows his dog to be shot he will become lonelier because that is the only companion he got and he will lose it. But Carlson is determined. Eventually he leads the dog out into the darkness of the night and to its death.

Fraud Invalidates a Contract

Week Four Assignment By: Kelly Sciberras November 25, 2012 DeVry University Business Law – BUSN420 ? Week Four Assignment As our textbook explains fraud invalidates a contract. â€Å"The presence of fraud affects the authenticity of the innocent party’s consent to a contract. When an innocent party is fraudulently induced to enter into a contract, the contract usually can be avoided because she or he has not voluntarily consented to the terms. Normally, the innocent party can either cancel the contract and be restored to her or his original position or enforce the contract and seek damages for harms resulting from the fraud (Miller 281). Generally, fraudulent misrepresentation refers only to misrepresentation that is consciously false and is intended to mislead another. Typically, fraud involves three elements; a misrepresentation of a material fact must occur, secondly there must be intent to deceive, and lastly the innocent party must justifiably rely on the misrepre sentation. To collect damages, a party must have been harmed as a result of the misrepresentation. Fraudulent misrepresentation can also occur in the online environment.Undue Influence and Duress Undue influence arises from relationships in which one party can greatly influence another party, thus overcoming that party’s free will. A contract entered into under excessive or undue influence lacks voluntary consent and is therefore voidable. The essential feature of undue influence is that the party being taken advantage of does not, in reality, exercise free will in entering into a contract. It is not enough that a person is elderly or suffers from some mental or physical impairment.There must be clear and convincing evidence that the person did not act out of her or his free will Miller explains. Forcing a party to enter into a contract because of the fear created by threats is referred to as duress. In addition, blackmail or extortion to induce consent to a contract constitu tes duress. Generally, for duress to occur, the threatened act must be wrongful or illegal. Threatening to exercise a legal right, such as the right to sue someone, ordinarily is not illegal and usually does not constitute duress.Duress is both a defense to the enforcement of a contract and a ground for rescission of a contract. Therefore, a party who signs a contract under duress can choose to carry out the contract or to avoid the entire transaction. (The wronged party usually has this choice in cases in which consent is not voluntary. ) Economic need generally is not sufficient to constitute duress, even when one party exacts a very high price for an item the other party needs. If the party exacting the price also creates the need, however, economic duress may be found (Miller 286-287).Examples of undue influence and duress can been seen in various types of relationships in which one party may dominate another party, thus unfairly influencing him or her. Minors and elderly people , for example, are often under the influence of guardians. If a guardian induces a young or elderly ward to enter into a contract that benefits the guardian, the guardian may have exerted undue influence. Undue influence can arise from a number of confidential or fiduciary relationships, including attorney-client, physician-patient, guardian-ward, parent-child, husband-wife, and trustee-beneficiary (Miller 286).Damages and Equitable Remedies There are basically four broad categories of damages; compensatory damages which are intended to cover direct losses and costs, consequential damages which cover indirect and foreseeable losses, punitive damages are supposed to punish and deter wrongdoing, and nominal damages which recognize wrongdoing when no monetary loss is shown (Miller 323). Our textbook discusses how there are times when damages are an inadequate remedy for a breach of contract.In these situations, the non-breaching party may ask the court for an equitable remedy. Equitabl e remedies include rescission and restitution, specific performance, and reformation. Restitution is an equitable remedy under which a person is restored to his or her original position prior to loss or injury, or placed in the position he or she would have been in had the breach not occurred. Specific Performance is an equitable remedy requiring exactly the performance that was specified in a contract; usually granted only when monetary damages would be an inadequate emedy and the subject matter of the contract is unique (for example, real property). Reformation is an equitable remedy used when the parties have imperfectly expressed their agreement in writing. Reformation allows a court to rewrite the contract to reflect the parties’ true intentions. Courts order reformation most often when fraud or mutual mistake is present. ? References Miller, Jentz. Business Law Today: Comprehensive, 9th Edition. South Western Educational Publishing, 01/2011. .

Howard Hughes

Legend of the Aviator Howard Hughes is a man of many mysteries, very few actual facts are known about him. Historians constantly argue to decipher which of their theories are correct and which are Just over glorified rumors. The fact is Hughes liked to keep to himself. This man left behind not only the â€Å"Legend of the Aviator† but also one of the biggest gaps in the world of film and aviation. â€Å"Hughes was the ambassador who ushered in a new era of living and a new way of life† (Hack 5). He introduced new ideas and accomplished things that people had deemed impossible.He believed that with his oney nothing was impossible, he made that very apparent through his invention's. He designed planes and made some of the most revolutionary movies that captivated the minds of millions. Howard lived his life behind closed doors, hiding all of his true ambitions and how he achieved them. He also hid the world from not only his crazed ideas but also his mental illness, perha ps because he himself did not know that he was mentally ill. Howard Hughes related every aspect of his life to modernism. Not only did he relate to modernism but he himself was a modernist.His ingenious ideas ere thought to be radical for his time but at the same time they were somewhat inspirational. He was an idealistic man who looked beyond the possible and did not take no for an answer. Because of this, he broke world records and raised the bar for the upcoming 20th century. In order to truly understand this man, his actions, and how the â€Å"Legend of the Aviator† started one has to look into early life. If there ever was a more crucial part of anyones life it was Howard Hughes' upbringing. Hughes birth place and date are not precisely known and are still a major controversy.What ou need to know is that he was born somewhere in Texas in the year 1905. He was born to a very fortunate family. At the time Hughes father Robert was the sole owner ofa crucial piece of equipme nt that was used to drill oil. His father made it rich selling land that contained massive oil deposits and by designing and selling the only drill bit that was strong enough to penetrate hard layers of granite. This drill bit was also the only one that could actually drill deep enough to tap into large oil reserves. In later years Hughes took over the family company after the death of his father in 1924.He inherited 75 percent of Hughes Tool Co. and later bought out the other 25 percent from the rest of his family (Hack 43). He was inspired to be like his father, a businessman. At heart, Hughes was not a businessman but his positive â€Å"go get 'em† attitude helped him seem like one. Hughes' company was once accused of being a monopoly, his response was simply â€Å"We don't have an monopoly. Anyone who wants to dig a well without a Hughes bit can always use a pick and shovel† (Howard 1). Howard Hughes was one of the most iconic fgures of the earlier half of the 20th century.He revolutionized the airline industry, presenting ideas that made flights smother and took less time from takeoff to landing. He single handedly defeated the social norms of his time and was known for setting a certain standard of class. Modernism by broad definition is, â€Å"a style or movement in the arts that aims to break that his individual attitude and matches that of modernism. In 1927 the film industry was booming, and Hollywood was at its highest peak in setting new standards. Out of now where a 23 year old millionaire came from Texas and dropped millions of dollars nto one single film.People were skeptical and thought of this producer as a crazed Texan with money that Just wanted to find a way to spend it, but as proven by Howard Hughes they were wrong. Three years later Hughes' movie was release. He had successfully raised the bar for film industry. The movie Hell's Angels had broken the record for the highest budget spent, most time ever spent on a film and t he highest yield (Hell's 1). The critics withdrew their previous remarks and Howard Hughes' name in the film industry was established. Now the man not only owned a great share of the oil arket but now had his foot in the film industry.He produced films, directed movies, and threw around his money around as if it would never leave his side. Some would call it a gamble, and it was but he never did lose that money. Many people that tried to follow in his footsteps ended up broke, and with nothing left in their pockets. For Hughes it was never the case, he was an invincible man. He could do anything he wanted and have any thing he desired. His bank account kept on growing despite his vast expenditures on his little projects. After working on Hell's Angels he got more nvolved in aviation. Howard Hughes, the man who is known as the Aviator. After production on Hell's Angels was wrapped up, Hughes became more involved in aviation and started designing his own planes† (Hack 103). He c reated some of the fastest planes and thought up ideas that seemed impossible or even pointless. For example, the Hughes H-1 Racer. He designed this plane to be fast, his goal was to take off everything on the plane that it did not need and by doing so he made it light and aerodynamic, thus giving the plane greater speed. He sunk the screws into the aluminum exterior educing wind resistance and made many other small advancements that gave his plane a design that was superior to others.Because of this fascination with planes he always had work. Aviation design opened the door for government contracts designing and creating prototypes of spy planes. Once this door was opened, it shaped Hughes future for years to come. His government contracts were the basis of most of the rumors about Hughes. In his later life scams arose about Howard Hughes, himself trying to plot ways to kill Cuban leader Fidel Castro, along with CIA operations that were claimed to be associated with Hughes. These c laims were later discovered to be coverups for a CIA reconnaissance mission of a Soviet Union Nuclear Submarine.To allude the attention of the public to their massive ships trolling international waters, the CIA claimed that it was simply a drilling rig operation owned by Howard Hughes (Central 2). It was later discovered that he had absolutely nothing to do with this government reconnaissance mission and had no knowledge of it. This man didn't always have the best of luck. On two occasions he came close to death. He dodged death and survived two deadly plane crashes. In his first plane crash he was one of the two survivors, out of the four XF-11, â€Å"a military plane that was designed with a counter rotating double propeller system† (History 1).It was the first of its kind and in early experimental stages. Hughes took the XF-11 for its first test flight. Upon his return to the Air Force base after a very successful first flight, he lost oil pressure in one of the right eng ines. Rapidly losing altitude he attempted to crash land in a Beverly Hills mansion. Upon impact the plane's fuel tank ruptured and ignited. Hughes barely managed to escape eath, sustaining third degree burns on most of his body and this left him with a severe case of â€Å"Complex Regional Pain Syndrome† (Hughes's 1).The Aviator died on April 4, 1976 (Hack 215). At this point in his life he was dependent on opiates and codeine and had a hygiene issues. He would only cut his hair once a year and was supposedly seen with long grown out fingernails. He became so mentally ill that he believed that the germs did not come from him but came from the world which is ironic because his health was in very poor condition. He died of malnutrition and kidney damage. X-rays later revealed hat he had five broken off hypodermic needles in his arm.

Free Essays on Man Of La Mancha

I read the play â€Å"The Man Of La Mancha† by Dale Wasserman, Joe Darion and Mitch Leigh. The Man Of La Mancha is set in the age of the Spanish Inquisition in Spain. The set begins in a dank prison cell scene filled with prisoners that await judgment of the captain of the Inquisition. A man named Cervantes enters with his man servant with a large chest and sets himself down in the cell to await his fate. The prisoners see the chest and take the advantage to loot through and get some luxury items but the chest is filled with wigs and make-up. A judge arrives to question Cervantes and give him an opportunity to plead his case. Cervantes says that his case would best be described in a play. The summons the prisoners to play the roles of the people he encounters and has his man servant play Sancho, while Cervantes plays Don Quixote. Don Quixote and Sancho are riding on horses along a stretch of highway when Quixote comes across a windmill that he believes is a giant wh ile Sancho tells him repeatedly that it’s a windmill. Quixote runs off and gets pummeled by the windmill and crawling back on stage figures out that he was only defeated because he was never properly dubbed a knight. He sees what he thinks is a castle in the distance when in reality it’s an inn. They arrive at the inn and Quixote falls in love with the local whore Aldonza. He approaches the innkeeper thinking he is a duke and asks to be knighted so the innkeeper regretfully does this and Quixote is a knight in his eyes now. The duo set off in search for adventure when they find none they return to the inn when the knight of the mirrors arrives to show Quixote that he is not a knight and is nothing more than a crazed old man. Quixote falls and is nursed back to health by his niece and Aldonza, but he is convinced that he is a normal man, until Sancho sings a song that they sang together on their adventures and realizes that he really is the gallant knight D... Free Essays on Man Of La Mancha Free Essays on Man Of La Mancha I read the play â€Å"The Man Of La Mancha† by Dale Wasserman, Joe Darion and Mitch Leigh. The Man Of La Mancha is set in the age of the Spanish Inquisition in Spain. The set begins in a dank prison cell scene filled with prisoners that await judgment of the captain of the Inquisition. A man named Cervantes enters with his man servant with a large chest and sets himself down in the cell to await his fate. The prisoners see the chest and take the advantage to loot through and get some luxury items but the chest is filled with wigs and make-up. A judge arrives to question Cervantes and give him an opportunity to plead his case. Cervantes says that his case would best be described in a play. The summons the prisoners to play the roles of the people he encounters and has his man servant play Sancho, while Cervantes plays Don Quixote. Don Quixote and Sancho are riding on horses along a stretch of highway when Quixote comes across a windmill that he believes is a giant wh ile Sancho tells him repeatedly that it’s a windmill. Quixote runs off and gets pummeled by the windmill and crawling back on stage figures out that he was only defeated because he was never properly dubbed a knight. He sees what he thinks is a castle in the distance when in reality it’s an inn. They arrive at the inn and Quixote falls in love with the local whore Aldonza. He approaches the innkeeper thinking he is a duke and asks to be knighted so the innkeeper regretfully does this and Quixote is a knight in his eyes now. The duo set off in search for adventure when they find none they return to the inn when the knight of the mirrors arrives to show Quixote that he is not a knight and is nothing more than a crazed old man. Quixote falls and is nursed back to health by his niece and Aldonza, but he is convinced that he is a normal man, until Sancho sings a song that they sang together on their adventures and realizes that he really is the gallant knight D...

Civil War Prisoner Exchanges and the Dix-Hill Cartel

Civil War Prisoner Exchanges and the Dix-Hill Cartel During the U.S. Civil War, both sides participated in the exchange of prisoners of war who had been captured by the other side.  Although there was not a formal agreement in place, prisoner exchanges had taken place as a result of kindness between opposing leaders after a hard-fought battle.   Initial Agreement for Prisoner Exchanges Originally, the Union refused to formally enter into an official agreement that would establish guidelines pertaining to the structure of how these prisoner exchanges would occur. This was due to the fact that  the U.S. government had steadfastly refused to recognize the Confederate States of America as a valid governmental entity, and there was a fear that entering into any formal agreement could be viewed as legitimizing the Confederacy as a separate entity.   However, the capture of over a thousand Union soldiers at the First Battle of Bull Run in late July 1861 created the impetus for public push to conduct formal prisoner exchanges.   In December 1861, in a joint resolution the U.S. Congress called for President Lincoln to establish parameters for prisoner exchanges with the Confederacy.   Over the next several months, Generals from both forces made unsuccessful attempts to draft a unilateral prison exchange agreement. Creation of the Dix-Hill Cartel Then in July 1862, Union Major General John A. Dix and Confederate Major General D. H. Hill met in the James River in Virginia at Haxalls Landing and came to an agreement whereby all soldiers were assigned an exchange value based upon their military rank.  Under what would become known as the Dix-Hill Cartel, exchanges of Confederate and Union Army soldiers would be made as follows: Soldiers of equivalent ranks would be exchanged on a one to one value,Corporals and sergeants were worth two privates,Lieutenants were worth four privates,A captain was worth six privates,A major was worth eight privates,A lieutenant-colonel was worth ten privates,A colonel was worth fifteen privates,A brigadier general was worth twenty privates,A major general was worth forty privates, andA commanding general was worth sixty privates. The Dix-Hill Cartel also assigned similar exchange values of Union and Confederate naval officers and seamen based upon their equivalent rank to their respective armies. Prisoner Exchange and the Emancipation Proclamation These exchanges were made to alleviate the issues and costs associated with maintaining captured soldiers by both sides, as well as the logistics of moving the prisoners.  However, in September 1862, President Lincoln issued a Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation that provided in part that if the Confederates failed to end fighting and rejoin the U.S. prior to January 1, 1863  then all slaves held in the Confederate States would become free. In addition, it called for the enlistment of black soldier into service in the Union Army. This prompted Confederate States of America President Jefferson Davis to issue a proclamation on December 23, 1862 which provided that there would be no exchange of either captured black soldiers or their white officers. A mere nine days later – January 1, 1863 – President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation which called for the eradication of slavery and for the enlistment of freed slaves into the Union Army. In what has historically been considered President Lincoln’s reaction to December 1862 Proclamation of Jefferson Davis, the Lieber Code was put into effect in April 1863 addressing humanity during wartime with the provision that all prisoners, regardless of color, would be treated alike. Then the Congress of the Confederate States passed a resolution in May 1863 that codified President Davis’ December 1862 proclamation that the Confederacy would not exchange captured black soldiers.   The results of this legislative action became evident in July 1863 when a number of captured U.S. black soldiers from a Massachusetts regiment were not exchanged along with their fellow white prisoners. The End of Prisoner Exchanges During the Civil War The U.S. suspended the Dix-Hill Cartel on July 30, 1863 when President Lincoln issued an order providing that until such time as the Confederates treated black soldiers the same as white soldiers there would no longer be any prisoner exchanges between the U.S. and the Confederacy. This  effectively ended prisoner exchanges and unfortunately resulted in captured soldiers from both sides being subjected to horrific and inhumane conditions in prisons such as Andersonville in the South and Rock Island in the North.

CASE - 2 RECRUITMENT, SELECTION, AND RETENTION Essay

CASE - 2 RECRUITMENT, SELECTION, AND RETENTION - Essay Example This paper is going to examine in depth merits or demerits of promoting individuals from within over hiring from outside the firm The manufacturing manager should have excellent motivational skills employees of Nifty plastic plant are motivated by their plant manager because they see themselves in the manager, the manager has climbed up through the ranks and knows all their hardships and of course their dreams. The incoming manager should therefore be highly motivational in words and in action he should be able to encourage the employees and push them towards achievement of the company’s goals. This is also very important since he will be part of the management team. Excellent technical skill; Employees will only respect and obey a manager if they know he can do what they can, the outgoing manager had risen through the ranks he knew all the plant processes and for that he got the respect of his employees and even other players in the industry. It’s therefore important that the incoming manager have technical skill on running of the manufacturing department Excellent man management skill; the manufacturing manager should be able to relate to the employees under his department, he should be able to understand their work the difficulties they face and even sometimes their social environment. This can only be possible if the manager has excellent people skills Ability to asses performance.is a vital quality of a manufacturing manager, a manufacturing manager should be able to asses both the production and the financial performance of the company. This is further useful when the manger is to be part of the management team Expertise and vast knowledge in the plastic industry; the manager should have expertise in the industry the company operates in .He should be able to understand trends and all processes involved particularly the plastic injection processes The first step in creating an applicant pool is defining the position,

Have services closed the gap in delivering appropriate support in dual Literature review

Have services closed the gap in delivering appropriate support in dual diagnosis working - Literature review Example Likewise, patients that suffer from mental illness are quite likely to sustain their substance use habits throughout their life as compared to people who are mentally healthy (Mueser, Noordsy, and Drake 6). Therefore, it can be said that the disorders of an individual’s mood serve as the risk factor for other disorders that are related to the use of substance and vice versa (Westermeyer, Weiss, and Ziedonis 69). Depression, anxiety and tension are some of the types of upsets in the mental health (Department of Health cited in The Scottish Government). Substances most commonly abused are marijuana, heroin, tobacco, alcohol and alcoholic medicines. Treatment of such people requires the medical practitioner to study the history of the individual and find out which of the two occurred with the individual first. Either he/she acquired the mental illness first which probably caused him/her to consume drugs in order to relieve the tension, or else, he/she first became addicted to dru gs which later led the individual to the deteriorated mental health and low self esteem. There are many ways this can happen. For instance, some people get the psychotic episode triggered upon smoking marijuana (â€Å"Dual Diagnosis†). ... Once someone gets addicted to a substance, he/she starts taking it more frequently than others would mostly do. In such circumstances, all an intervention can do is to reduce the frequency with which the substance is consumed by the client. Thus, a service provider may effectively reduce the quantity of substance consumption, though the achievement of quality in intervention requires consideration of the problem at a much detailed and deeper level. Many service providers resort to such methods of treatment as counseling, prescribing substitutes for substances and encouraging group work. Mostly, these are the only techniques available to most practitioners, and their usability is limited. Reaching the correct underlying factors is extremely essential for appropriate treatment, which can not be achieved unless the addiction has been reduced to a considerably lower level. â€Å"If your client has chronic substance dependence, making substance treatment successful has to be the goal ove r accessing mental health services† (Thomas). The service of mental health assumes the main responsibility of offering comprehensive care to the people that suffer from such mental problems as co-morbid substance use problems and schizophrenia. Mental health service can be used to provide people with long term care and supervision than most services related to substance misuse can offer. According to results of the research conducted by (Menezes cited in Hughes 5), one third of the total number of users of mental health service are individuals that have combined problems of mental health. Cannabis, alcohol and other stimulants are some of the most widely consumed things

Family Map Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Family Map Project - Essay Example They sometimes represent unbalanced relationships in the family that prevents healthy family dynamics. Connected and cohesive levels of family cohesion represent the â€Å"most functional across the life cycle, in part because they balance separateness and togetherness† (Olson, et.al., 2005). Family flexibility is the â€Å"amount of change that occurs in leadership, role relationships, and relationship rules† (Olson, 2003, as quoted by Olson, et.al., 2005). Flexibility refers to the family’s ability to adapt or to adjust to an event and to deal with changes in the family. Flexibility is also categorized into four levels, which are: rigid, structured, flexible and chaotic. The balanced response to change indicates the degree of a family’s flexibility. A rigid family has an extreme resistance to change and the chaotic family leans so much on change that its stability is placed in jeopardy. The structured and flexible family balances stability and change as and when events take place in the family. â€Å"Families need a basic foundation that gives them stability, but they also need to be open to change when necessary† (Olson, et.al., 2005). In order for a family to become stronger as a unit, it needs to accept the inevitability of change and sti ll maintain its stability despite the changes. The third dimension of the couple and family map model is communication. â€Å"Communication is the grease that smoothes frictions between partners and family members† (Olson, et.al., 2005). Communication allows family members to work through and to work out their problems and issues with each other. It involves listening skills, speaking skills, self-disclosure, clarity, staying on topic, and respect and regard. Listening skills include empathy and giving feedback; it is not just hearing the other person speak, but also listening to what the other person wants to say. Speaking skills

An analysis of the Hindu caste system

An analysis of the Hindu caste system The caste system is one of the oldest forms of social stratification and even though it may be prohibited by the law, the political divisions continue to exist in the minds of the people leaving many oppressed. Before the caste system, India had four groups or divisions already established: the Negrito, Mongoloid, Austroloid and Dravidian. It was during the Aryan invasion around 1500 BCE when the caste system was created. The word caste derives from the Portuguese word casta , meaning breed, race, or kind. In this system, the citizens are divided into categories or castes. Varna, the Sanskrit word for color, refers to large divisions that include various castes; the other terms include castes and subdivisions of castes sometimes called subcastes. Among the Indian terms that are sometimes translated as caste are jati, jat, biradri, and samaj. There are thousands of castes and subcastes in India. It follows a basic precept: All men are created unequal. Each category or jat has a specia l role to play in the society as well as a unique function: this structure is a means of creating and organizing an effective society. The caste system in India is primarily associated with Hinduism but also exists among other Indian religious groups. Castes are ranked and named. Membership is achieved by birth. Castes are also endogamous groups. Marriages and relationships between members of different castes, while not actually prohibited, face strong social disapproval and the threat of ostracism or even violence. To illustrate, in a notorious case in August 2001, a Brahmin boy and a lower-caste girl were publicly hanged by members of their families in Uttar Pradesh, India for refusing to end their inter-caste relationship. The first of the four basic Vedic books, which are considered the source of Indian wisdom, is the Rig Veda- a collection of over 1,000 hymns containing the basic mythology of the Aryan gods. The Rig Veda contains one of the most famous sections in ancient Indian literature in which the first man created, Purusa, is sacrificed in order to give rise to the four varnas. The varna of Brahmans emerged from the mouth. They are the priests and teachers, and look after the intellectual and spiritual needs of the community. They preside over knowledge and education. The varna of Kshatriyas emerged from the arms. Their responsibility is to rule and to protect members of the community. They are associated with rulers and warriors including property owners. The varna of Vaishyas emerged from the thighs. They are the merchants and traders and those who look after commerce and agriculture. The varna of Sudras emerged from the feet. They are the laborers. Castes or subcastes besides the four mentioned include such groups as the Bhumihar or landowners and the Kayastha or scribes. Some castes arose from very specific occupations, such as the Garudi snake charmers or the Sonjhari, who collected gold from river beds. Each caste is believed by devout Hindus to have its own dharma, or divinely ordained code of proper conduct. Brahmans are usually expected to be nonviolent and spiritual, according to their traditional roles as vegetarian teetotaler priests. Kshatriyas are supposed to be strong, as fighters and rulers should be, with a taste for aggression, eating meat, and drinking alcohol. Vaishyas are stereotyped as adept businessmen, in accord with their traditional activities in commerce. Shudras are often described by others as tolerably pleasant. The existence of rigid ranking is supernaturally validated through the idea of rebirth according to a persons karma, the sum of an individuals deeds in this life and in past lives. After death, a persons life is judged by divine forces, and rebirth is assigned in a high or a low place, depending upon what is deserved. This supernatural sanction can never be neglected, because it brings a person to his or her position in the caste hierarchy, relevant to every transaction involving food or drink, speaking, or touching. The Rig Veda mentions how the four varnas were created but it does not mention the concept of untouchability. The idea of an Untouchable caste à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ is not in the Vedas or the law books, which list only four varnas. It is a part of the system that has been created by society itself. Untouchables are the fifth group. They are considered unworthy that they fall outside of the caste system. In 1950, the term Untouchable was eradicated under Indias constitution, and untouchables are now formally referred to as the Scheduled Castes. Gandhi referred to untouchables as Harijan, which means people of God. Politically active untouchables feel that this term Harijan might evoke pity rather than respect, and prefer the term Dalits, which means, oppressed. Dalits are descendants of the ancient Dravidians of India who lost their language and were subjugated due to the linguistic and socio-cultural oppression by the perpetrators of the caste system. While Dalits in Tamil Nadu speak Tamil, their brethren in other parts of India speak different Dravidian or tribal dialects or languages that arose due to mixtures of Tamil, Sanskrit, Persian and Arabic, such as Hindustani (Hindi). As an Indian is born into the caste system, they are supposed to stay with that caste until death. What a person in each of these varnas can and cant do, is prescribed in detail in the laws of Manu, written by Brahman priests at least 2,000 years ago. The laws of Manu are inscribed in Indian culture. Umashankar Tripathy, a Brahman priest, says, Manu is engraved in every Hindu Untouchables or Dalits obviously live also by a certain set of rules. The occupations of people in caste systems are hereditary and dalits perform jobs that cause them to be considered impure and thus untouchable and for little or no pay at all. They are restricted to occupations such as landless farm workers and peasants, and forced into washing clothes, beating drums, cutting hair, cleaning latrines and sewers, working as a leatherworker (they work with animal skin which makes them unclean), street cleaners, and manual scavengers. Manual scavenging refers to disposal of human waste by hand, using only the most basic tools, typically a brush, a tin plate and a wicker basket. Scavengers also dispose of dead animals. Millions of Dalits work even as slaves. They mostly have no opportunities for better employment. Dalits live in the most congested and cramped slums in villages, towns and urban areas consisting of huts or ghettos which are damp and cramped. They live in the most insanitary conditions with no access to public health and sanitation amongst open sewers and open air toilets. There are no state sponsored public housing rights or public health rights in India. Most Dalits are forced to live in isolated areas. Even after death, grave sites are segregated. The best housing is reserved for the upper castes; the government provides separate amenities for each neighborhood, which are segregated on caste lines. Dalits are usually left with the worse of the amenities or none at all. Over 85% of Indian Dalits own no land and are dependent on landlords for work or land to rent; those that do own land may find it difficult or impossible to enforce their rights; workers rarely receive the statutory minimum wage. Furthermore, in past decades, Dalits in certain areas (especially in parts of the south) had to display extreme deference to high-status people, physically keeping their distancelest their touch or even their shadow pollute otherswearing neither shoes nor any upper body covering (even for women) in the presence of the upper castes. In northern India for example, untouchables had to use drums to let others know of their arrival. Even their shadows were considered polluted. In the south, some Brahmins ordered Untouchables to keep at least 65 feet away from them. Untouchables are shunned, insulted, banned from temples and higher caste homes, made to eat and drink from separate utensils in public places. The higher-caste people do not accept food or water from the untouchable because it would transmit the pollution permanent and inherent in the person of the untouchable. Thus, untouchables are not allowed to drink from the same wells, wear shoes in the presence of an upper caste, or drink from the same cups in tea stalls. They are not allowed to touch people from the four varnas or caste groups. They are not allowed to enter houses of the higher varnas especially in which the chula (the small earthen stove) is located. In public occasions, they were compelled to sit at a distance from the four varnas. They are also denied education, freedom of expression, and many other rights the higher classes have. Dalit children do not have access to education due to the lack of mandatory and universal primary and secondary education in India. Even in rural areas where there may be schools, Dalit children are ostracized, oppressed and stigmatized from attending school. Thus, few Dalit children progress beyond primary education and they are often made to sit at the back of the class. Nearly 90 percent of all the poor Indians and 95 percent of all the illiterate Indians are Dalits, according to the International Dalit Conference. Dalit Children are also subjected to atrocities such as sexual abuse in rural areas, physical abuse and murder just as adult Dalits are. They have a high level of malnutrition and ill health. Some are ordained into temple prostitution as a part of religious rituals for exploitation by non-Dalit men of the village or town. Dalit women do all the back breaking work society expects Dalits to do, such as manual scavenging, farm labour, stone breaking, etc., and in addition they have to bear domestic responsibilities as mothers and wives. Dalit women suffer double discrimination as Dalits and as women. They are exposed to sexual abuse at the hands of the so called caste Hindu men and also men who work or state authorities such as the police. They are frequently raped, gang-raped, beaten and tortured or forced to walk through the streets naked as punishment as an act of reprisal against male relatives who have committed some act worthy of upper-caste vengeance. Atrocities such as rape of Dalit women in police custody, bonded labour and physical abuse are common in India. The chastity of women is strongly related to caste status. Generally, the higher ranking the caste, the more sexual control its women are expected to exhibit. Brahman brides should be virginal, faithful to one husband and celibate in widowhood. By contrast, a sweeper bride may or may not be a virgin, extramarital affair may be tolerated, and, if widowed or divorced, the woman is encouraged to remarry. For the higher castes, such control of female sexuality helps ensure purity of lineageof crucial importance to maintenance of high status. Among Muslims, too, high status is strongly correlated with female chastity. Many thousands of Dalit girls are forced into marriage to temples or local deities in south India, often before puberty, sometimes in payment of a debt. They are married to temples under the guise of the religious practice Devadasis, meaning female servant of god. They are then unable to marry and become unwilling prostitutes for upper-caste men, many eventually being sold into brothels. The Badi Jat is regarded as a prostitution subcaste. Women and girls are routinely trafficked into brothels. Perversely, and hypocritically, untouchability does not seem to apply to prostitution and customers are mainly men from the upper castes. If, because of any reason, there was a contact between an untouchable and a member of the Varnas, the Varna member became defiled and had to immerse or wash himself with water to be purified. In strict societies, especially among the Twice Born (the three top Varnas) the touched Twice Born also had to pass through some religious ceremonies to purify himself from the pollution. If the untouchable entered a house and touched things of a Varna member, the Varna members used to wash or clean the places where the untouchable touched and stepped. A twice born Hindu is a male member of one of the three upper castes who has completed the thread ceremony. The thread ceremony is a Hindu initiation ceremony, similar to a Christian confirmation or a Jewish Bar Mitzvah. A thread is given to the boy and it is thereafter worn over the left shoulder or around the waist. The thread has three strands, representing the three gunas (qualities): satya (truth); rajas (action); and tamas(inertia). Sudras a nd Dalits are excluded from the thread ceremony and cannot become twice-born. Horrific and unbearable are just a few words that come to mind when thinking of the abuse towards Dalits. More than 160 million people in India are considered achuta or untouchable. Human rights violation against these people known as Dalits is extremely prevalent although obviously illegal. Laws have been passed to prevent the abuse of the Dalits and NGO groups have been established to protect these people. However, that doesnt limit the crimes. The enforcement of laws on both local and nationwide scale designed to protect the Dalits is lax if not nonexistent in many regions in India. Often times, especially in rural areas, where the practice of untouchability is the strongest, police officers even join in the abuse of the Dalits. Nearly 50 years later, another event gave rise to a mass of conversions by the untouchables. A man from their class became educated, and then dared to try and watch a festival that the upper class men took part in. The untouchable was soon discovered and called a dirty untouchable and then killed. When the dead mans family tried to report the murder to the police, the police turned them away because they were untouchables. Eventually the police gave in and investigated the murder, later convicting a young man, but that did not satisfy the people. They were tired of being treated so poorly, and soon decided to abandon the Hindu religion and chose a new one. Other headlines about crimes victimizing the Dalits are as follows: Dalit boy beaten to death for plucking flowers; Dalit tortured by cops for three days; Dalit witch paraded naked in Bihar; Dalit killed in lock-up at Kurnool; 7 Dalits burnt alive in caste clash; 5 Dalits lynched in Haryana; Dalit woman gang-raped, paraded naked; Police egged on mob to lynch Dalits. Fear of public humiliation, beatings, and rape keep Indias Untouchables in their place. Statistics from Indias National Crime Records Bureau indicate that in 2000 25,455 crimes were committed against Dalits. Every hour two Dalits were assaulted; every day three Dalit women raped, two Dalits murdered, and two Dalit homes torched. Majority of crimes go unregistered, because the police, village councils, and government officials often support the caste system, which is based on the teachings of Hinduism. Many crimes go unreported due to fear of reprisal, intimidation by police, inability to pay bribes, or simply because people know that the police will do nothing. There will be no punishment for the criminals; no justice for the victimized. Amnesty estimated that only about 5 percent of attacks are registered Hundreds of thousands of Dalits have already renounced Hinduism, generally by conversion to Buddhism or Christianity, sometimes in mass ceremonies. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, a Dalit leader, lawyer, and politician, famously led several hundred thousand Dalits in converting to Buddhism, saying I was born a Hindu, but I will not die one. Conversion is not a panacea, however, and converts to other religions, especially Christianity and Islam, have suffered continued discrimination. Some converts have lost reserved occupations on the grounds that they are no longer members of scheduled castes and converts are not counted as Dalits in the Indian census. Amidst the oppression and hardships, Dalits still have social life which is expressed through dance and music. Theyre dance and music are full of fiery spirit, spontaneity and humour without the inhibitions and rigid classical structure that characterizes Hindu music and arts. Dalit songs celebrates life but laments their life conditions, while frankly exposing the realities of life, in a style full of humour and sensual zest, by using simple instruments and vocals. In modern times, Dalit poetry and writing by social and political activists have taken centre-stage amongst the educated activist community. Despite the harsh treatment that the untouchables are receiving, there have been certain attempts to help them. The elimination of untouchability became one of the main planks of the platform of all social reform movements of India. Reform movements and humanitarian acts such as those started by Buddha, Ramanuja, Ramanand, Chaitanya, Kabir, Nanak, Tukaram and others were established but they hardly had any effect on the peoples treatment on the untouchables. The Hindu state also enacted laws to punish those who rebelled against their intolerable conditions. The social oppression of the untouchables had religious sanctions. The British listed the poorest (principally Dalit) subcastes in 1935, creating detailed lists of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes. The 1948 Indian constitution, thanks to its architect Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, reinforced this classification, for a system of affirmative action called reservation. The concept was that these measures would help the poorest to escape poverty and oppression. Reservation is an attempt by the Indian national government to redress past discrimination. The constitution reserves 22.5% of national government jobs, state legislature seats, seats in the lower house of the national parliament and higher education places for members of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes. Unfortunately, this policy has not been implemented in full. Less than half the national government quota had been filled in total in 1998 and less than 15% of reserved public sector jobs. An unspoken policy discriminates in favor of upper castes, particularly Brahmins. Dalit representation in university teaching posts is less than 1%. New economic forces, education and nationalist movements had different impacts on the treatment of the people on untouchables. Because of new economic forces, railways and buses were introduced, thus, bringing touchables and untouchables together. Modern industries established in India recruited their labor supply and labor market from both touchables and untouchables, who further worked at the machines in physical proximity to one another. The workers also fought together during labor strikes. Because of education, whether liberal or technical, their economic conditions somewhat improved and different sections following different occupations began to merge, on class basis, with groups of other castes following similar occupations. The new bonds were based not on caste but on common occupation and class. This very slowly began to dissolve the mass of the untouchables into groups such as factory workers, teachers, clerks, merchants, mechanics, or manufacturers. New economic bonds betw een the touchables and untouchables following the same economic activity started weakening the prejudice of untouchability. Finally, nationalist movements also contributed to the benefits received by the untouchables. For example, the Swaraj struggle demanded the democratic alliance of all castes and communities in India whose vital interests lay in the political independence of the country. The nationalist movement contributed towards the dissolution of old distinctions. The social reformers were moved by humanitarian and national considerations when they crusaded against purely social evils. The Untouchables is a topic that touches on many sensitive issues relevant to every society; not only to the Indian society. One prevalent issue that the Untouchables have driven out is that of being an outcast. Perhaps many of us, if not all, can relate to the feeling of being unable to belong and just longing to fit in. Perhaps in high school, we tried out many roles and sought the group we most felt at home in. For the Dalits, life is high school taken to the worse extremes. From birth, they are ostracized. They are placed outside of society; and seen as less than human. They are given roles that they must play, and follow a certain set of rules for the rest of their lives, or suffer the consequences. In our society, to be treated as an outcast in this manner is simply unimaginable. It would seem as though one would go through life apart from society; apart from people. It would be as though one isnt a person at all; that one would be less than a person; less than even an animal. This sense of inequality was seen many times over history, in many different societies, and many are still relevant in todays society. Divisions were brought about by differences in gender, creed, and race, to name a few. Wars have been waged; rallies have been set into motion; and lives have been lost, with regard to all these issues. With all that has happened in our worlds history, Indias society learned nothing to deter from inequalities problems. The Dalits are maltreated and discriminated against. The maltreatment for Dalit women are even harder hit. Their people experience the never-ending cycle of poverty. The caste system was built and based on the idea that each caste or jat has a special role to play in the society but shouldnt an individual have the right to choose what role he/she will play in the society? Is the caste system the best way to achieve an organized and effective society? It is understandable that breaking away from the caste system would be difficult or something very hard to get used to. India has lived through all these years with the mentality that all men are unequal and there will always be untouchables or Dalits. It has become a part of their lives and is embedded in them. There is very little pressure for change, especially within India: it is said that the majority has an interest in perpetuating caste discrimination. Protests by Dalits themselves are rare: for many Dalits, day-to-day survival may be a higher priority. To quote Human Rights Watch: The solution lies in concerted international attention to assist national governments in this important and long overdue work. If you take a look at our society, even without the caste system, you will see that this never-ending cycle of poverty is also a major problem in the Philippines, and one question still stands, that is, How can one break free from poverty? Poverty is a problem, because those experiencing it, the poor, are marginalized. They can barely afford or sometimes cannot afford basic necessities such as food, clothing, and shelter. Yes, in India, as well as the Philippines, there have been programs, laws to aid and support these people. However, it is in the implementation of these laws that fail to solve the problem. For most Western people, the single action that has the best chance of making a difference would be to raise awareness of the problem, repeatedly bringing it to the attention of individuals, politicians, media, diplomats and above all the Indian government. The lack of will to change and unity among people (in India, as well as the Philippines) is one important problem in breaking away from poverty and making a change. Therefore, the caste system or these political divisions continue to live in the minds of many, leaving millions of untouchables or Dalits trapped in a world of oppression and poverty. Change is something much called for in the Indian society, in our society, and in many others around our world today. We can study the oppressive Dalit cases time and time again. We can feel disgusted, depressed, and down reading about them, and we can wonder, can their lives ever change? It isnt enough to read and wonder, in order for change, action is a must. In retrospect, there isnt much radical action one can take for the Dalits when still in second year college in the Philippines. However, we believe there is much we can do in the future, for our society, as well as others. In the words of Mahatma Ghandi, be the change you want to see in the world.